MODELLING, STABILITY ANALYSIS AND HARMONIC MITIGATION OF HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC–WIND ENERGY INTEGRATION IN THE NIGERIAN NATIONAL INTEGRATED POWER PROJECT NETWORK USING PSO-OPTIMIZED CONTROL ALGORITHMS
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) and wind power systems, alongside the widespread use of power electronic devices and fluctuating load conditions, has significantly increased harmonic distortion and operational instability in modern power systems. These challenges degrade power quality, reduce system efficiency, accelerate equipment deterioration, and may ultimately lead to partial or complete system failure if not properly mitigated. This study therefore presents the modelling, simulation, and stability analysis of a renewable-integrated power system with emphasis on harmonic mitigation and variable loading conditions. A reduced 10-bus Nigerian National Integrated Power Project (NIPP) network, comprising six generating stations and twelve transmission lines, was developed. A hybrid photovoltaic–wind turbine (PV–WT) system was designed and integrated into the grid, and three harmonic mitigation control strategies were implemented, namely the Proportional-Integral Harmonic Mitigation Control Algorithm (PI-HMCA), the Multi Anti-Windup Proportional-Integral Harmonic Mitigation Control Algorithm (MAWPI-HMCA), and the Dual Anti-Windup Proportional-Integral Harmonic Mitigation Control Algorithm (DAWPI-HMCA). The controller parameters were optimally tuned using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Simulation results showed that all proposed control schemes effectively reduced current and voltage harmonic distortions within IEEE standard limits under varying operating conditions. Comparative analysis further revealed that the DAWPI-HMCA outperformed the MAWPI-HMCA and PI-HMCA in harmonic suppression capability and overall system stability enhancement. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of advanced anti-windup PI-based harmonic mitigation strategies for improving power quality in renewable-integrated power systems, with DAWPI-HMCA emerging as the most robust and efficient approach therefore it is recommended as the most effective control strategy for harmonic mitigation in renewable-integrated power systems. Future work may focus on real-time implementation and testing under actual grid conditions to further validate performance and scalability.
Authors : Amos, C., Visa, M.I., Musa, S.Y., Aminu, M., Ayuba, D.M., Zirata, B.K. and Abdullahi, A.
Category : Open Access Volume (Issue) : 12(1) Date Uploaded : 5th August 2026